Introduction to magnetic beneficiation

Magnetic separator using various mineral magnetic differences in the magnetic field in the magnetic separator for

sorting a dressing method. Around the moving charge wins space and current surrounding space. Need most

common phenomenon in a magnetic field of two magnetic objects attract each other or mutually exclusive, suspension magnet and the

interaction between the magnets is carried out through a magnetic field. Magnetic field is energized conductor also

produced a production role, indicating the nature of the force of magnetic field when energized conductor moving in a

magnetic field. The magnetic force will be energized conductor acting, which means that the magnetic field energy. The

performance of these magnetic material.
   The magnetic field is generated by a moving charge or current. Permanent magnet generates a magnetic field, but

also because the the permanent magnet internal molecular current, so-called molecular current refers to the entire

molecule corresponding to the total magnetic effect on the outside circulating currents. If video games constant

magnetic field is constant, a constant magnetic field is called a constant magnetic field or static AIDS field.
  Said Fang Zi magnetic field strength turned the following categories:
  Magnetic line of force
  The magnetic field lines is an image showing the maps of the lines of magnetic force of the magnetic field strength,

direction, and stars in Buqian state curve permanent magnet and the solenoid the magnetic flux density indicative of the

strength of the magnetic field, the direction of the magnetic lines of force so provides: magnet The external N pole

departure, after the space into the S pole. Inside the magnet by the S pole to N pole, forming a closed curve. AIDS lines

of force in the direction is the direction of the magnetic field, the magnetic line of a point tangential direction is the

direction of the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field at that point.
    Magnetic induction
    Magnetic field on the movement of charge or current-carrying conductor stronger role. To describe the nature of the

magnetic field with the magnetic field of current-carrying wire forces physical quantity called magnetic induction.
    The breaking strength of induction size defined as follows: unit magnetic moment of the test coil in a magnetic field of

a point of maximum magnetic suffered refuse the Pm-coil magnetic moment equal to the current strength and it is

surrounded by an area of ​​the product, i.e., Pm = I So, the magnetic flux density in the practical system of units ", when

the magnetic moment of 1 [A] [m] 2 meridional, a point in the magnetic field, if it is the largest magnetic moment

[Newton] [ m], the point of the magnetic flux density of 1 Weber / m 2, pity Sri Lanka intends to (T), welding magnets tube known as a

"special". Magnetic field strength value is used to measure the physical strength of the magnetic field. Magnetic field

strength is defined as: (outer magnetic field in the magnetic medium due to render the magnetization can strengthen or

weaken the material of the magnetic field is called a magnetic medium), a magnetic field in a point of the magnetic

induction B and the same point on the magnetic permeability ratio . For the point of the magnetic field strength, which

means that the symbol H, i.e.: H = B / μ
The unit of magnetic field strength is determined as follows: In the above formula, a unit of the magnetic induction B

Weber / m 2 (Wb / MZ), the magnetic permeability μ of the unit taken of Webber / Ann meters (Wb / A. M), the magnetic

field The intensity units are ampere / meter (A / m). A / m unit is very small, in practical applications, the common unit in

amperes / cm (A / cm) and Manchester Texts (OE), the conversion between them is:
   1A / m = 10-2A/cm == 4πx 10-3Oe
    It should be understood that the magnetic field and the magnetic induction intensity is indicative of the direction of the

magnetic field and the physical strength. They are both correlated (B = uH) have the difference. Influence on the

magnetic field due to the magnetization of the magnetic medium in a magnetic field, in the case of a uniform magnetic

media, including media magnetization and the magnetic field generated by magnetic induction B. Simplex current or

moving charge in the magnetic field caused by the magnetic field strength H.
    , If placed in the type of broken media have different magnetic induction B in the case of the same magnetic field, the

magnetic field strength did not change. For example, in a magnetic field into a piece of magnetic permeability than the

air permeability μ mu. Much larger piece of iron, most of the magnetic field lines intensive iron with iron filings can

check out this change. This shows that the magnetic flux density distribution has changed, but the intensity of the

magnetic field has not changed.
   The mineral grain Why can magnetization?
   The magnetic ore particles in a magnetic field can display the magnetic phenomenon called magnetization. The

fundamental reason is the arrangement of the mineral particles inside the atomic magnetic moment at the direction of

the magnetic field. The following describes the nature of the sources of magnetic substance and magnetization.
    We know that any substance is composed of molecules, molecules are made up of atoms. Do nucleus electronic

orbital motion and spin motion, as well as the spin of the nuclei, which are the formation of micro-current. Each micro-

current quite thousands of a small current-carrying coil, so it has a magnetic moment. The magnetic moments of nuclei

by most substances are much smaller than the electron magnetic moment is negligible. The magnetic properties of

the material in the magnetic moment of the electron, the spin magnetic moment plays a major role. The magnetic

nature of the material often called unit magnetic moment (or equivalent magnetic moments of the atoms or molecules)

and magnetization to illustrate. The quality of the diamagnetic, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic qualitative difference is

due to the external magnetic field, the magnetization state of phase
The same.
     Anti-magnetic substance in the absence of an external magnetic field, the magnetic moment of the atom cancel

each other, the equivalent magnetic moment of the atom is equal to zero, no significant external magnetic substance.

When the presence of external magnetic field, the magnetic force electrons rotating around the nucleus, and its angular

momentum change, is the angular velocity of rotation will change, and thus the atoms in the microscopic current will

change the original atom the magnetic moment of the equilibrium state is compromised, there appears an unbalanced

magnetic moment per atom. According to Lenz's law, we know that the magnetic moment and the external magnetic

field of the imbalance in the opposite direction, thus weakening the external magnetic field. General diamagnetic effect

is very weak, after the removal of the external magnetic field, the diamagnetic effect squid disappeared, in fact, anti-
The magnetic effect is widespread among all substances, but some substances diamagnetic effect is overshadowed

by other factors. Diamagnetic susceptibility of the material x is negative. Anti-magnetic substance is obvious bismuth,

and others such as copper, zinc, silver, gold, mercury, antimony, sodium, graphite, and argon, nitrogen and other inert

gases, and most of the organic substances are anti-magnetic substance.
     In the atoms and molecules of paramagnetic substances, the equivalent magnetic moment is not equal to zero, the

magnetic moment of the atom has an inherent, but because of the intrinsic magnetic moment of the atom is in a state

of disorder, confusion direction of external magnetic effects cancel each other out. And therefore does not exhibit

macroscopic magnetic properties. When the external magnetic field, the intrinsic magnetic moment attempt to tend to

the direction of the external magnetic magnetic substance. In this case, we say that the substance is magnetized. Once

the external magnetic field disappears, the material will be lost magnetic, paramagnetic susceptibility of the material x

is positive. Aluminum, barium, calcium, magnesium, tungsten, titanium platinum oxygen and other paramagnetic

substances. Be seen, the inherent magnetic moments of such substances to the root causes of the magnetic effect is

generated.
   Ferromagnetic material with anti-magnetic material. Paramagnetic significant difference. Iron, cobalt, nickel, and

some of their alloys, as well as manganese and chromium alloy or the like of a class of the substance of the crystalline

state, even under a weak external magnetic field, also showed a strong magnetization of such substances called iron

magnetic substances. Internal atomic magnetic moments of the ferromagnetic substance, in the absence of an

external magnetic field under the action has been ordered in some way, i.e. to have reached a certain degree of

magnetization, this magnetization is called the spontaneous magnetization. Spontaneous magnetization into the region

in many cells in each small region, the atomic magnetic moments are then arranged in the same direction, the

spontaneous magnetization of the small area called magnetic domains. In the absence of an applied magnetic field,

the ferromagnetic material within each magnetic domain direction of the spontaneous magnetization of the same

external magnetic effect cancel each other out, and thus does not show the magnetism when the applied magnetic

field, the external magnetic field is not to make a single atomic magnetic moments steering, but each magnetic domain

magnetic moment turned to the direction of the external magnetic field. Such ferromagnetic substance in a less strong

external magnetic field is strongly magnetized, until saturation. Therefore, the presence of a magnetic domain is the

root cause of the ferromagnetic materials have a very strong magnetic effect.
    Magnetization state of magnetic solids in addition to the diamagnetic, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic so-called

ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic not be introduced.
   From the above, the magnetization of the material is due to the external magnetic field, the material internal atomic

magnetic moments are arranged in the direction of the magnetic field. This is the source of material magnetization and

magnetic nature.